Hundred Family Surnames 百家姓 bǎi jiā xìng
From Yellow Bridge:
http://www.yellowbridge.com/onlinelit/baijiaxing.php
The Hundred Surnames is a document written during in the tenth century. It lists all of the known Chinese surnames in use at the time, which amounted to 438. (The word hundred in the title is used to mean many or all. Thus many old books use the term "hundred surnames" to mean the whole population.) The surnames are given in a prescribed order and arranged in the form of a poem to facilitate memorization by school children. The surnames are in no particular order but there are two exceptions. The surname leading the pack is Zhao, which happens to be be the surname of the Song dynasty, the ruling dynasty of the time. The next several surnames also appear to be related to other important personages of the era. The second exception is that all double-character surnames are grouped near the end of the document. (They are highlighted in violet below).
In the one thousand years since the document was produced, there have been many new surnames in use. Recent surveys have identified over ten thousand surnames but the importance of the document has not diminished. Surnames for the Hundred Surnames still account for 90% of all Chinese surnames in use. In fact, the top ten surnames account for 40% of the population.
http://www.yellowbridge.com/onlinelit/baijiaxing.php
The Hundred Surnames is a document written during in the tenth century. It lists all of the known Chinese surnames in use at the time, which amounted to 438. (The word hundred in the title is used to mean many or all. Thus many old books use the term "hundred surnames" to mean the whole population.) The surnames are given in a prescribed order and arranged in the form of a poem to facilitate memorization by school children. The surnames are in no particular order but there are two exceptions. The surname leading the pack is Zhao, which happens to be be the surname of the Song dynasty, the ruling dynasty of the time. The next several surnames also appear to be related to other important personages of the era. The second exception is that all double-character surnames are grouped near the end of the document. (They are highlighted in violet below).
In the one thousand years since the document was produced, there have been many new surnames in use. Recent surveys have identified over ten thousand surnames but the importance of the document has not diminished. Surnames for the Hundred Surnames still account for 90% of all Chinese surnames in use. In fact, the top ten surnames account for 40% of the population.
赵钱孙李 周吳鄭王 馮陳褚衛 蔣沈韓楊
朱秦尤許 何呂施張 孔曹嚴華 金魏陶姜
戚謝鄒喻 柏水竇章 雲蘇潘葛 奚范彭郎
魯韋昌馬 苗鳳花方 俞任袁柳 酆鮑史唐
費廉岑薛 雷賀倪湯 滕殷羅畢 郝鄔安常
樂于時傅 皮卞齊康 伍余元卜 顧孟平黃
和穆蕭尹 姚邵湛汪 祁毛禹狄 米貝明臧
計伏成戴 談宋茅龐 熊紀舒屈 項祝董梁
杜阮藍閔 席季麻強 賈路婁危 江童顏郭
梅盛林刁 鐘徐丘駱 高夏蔡田 樊胡凌霍
虞萬支柯 昝管盧莫 經房裘繆 干解應宗
丁宣賁鄧 郁單杭洪 包諸左石 崔吉鈕龔
程嵇邢滑 裴陸榮翁 荀羊於惠 甄麴家封
芮羿儲靳 汲邴糜松 井段富巫 烏焦巴弓
牧隗山谷 車侯宓蓬 全郗班仰 秋仲伊宮
寧仇欒暴 甘鈄厲戎 祖武符劉 景詹束龍
葉幸司韶 郜黎薊薄 印宿白懷 蒲邰從鄂
索咸籍賴 卓藺屠蒙 池喬陰鬱 胥能蒼雙
聞莘黨翟 譚貢勞逄 姬申扶堵 冉宰酈雍
郤璩桑桂 濮牛壽通 邊扈燕冀 郟浦尚農
柴瞿閻充 慕連茹習 宦艾魚容 向古易慎
戈廖庾終 暨居衡步 都耿滿弘 匡國文寇
廣祿闕東 歐殳沃利 蔚越夔隆 師鞏厙聶
晁勾敖融 冷訾辛闞 那簡饒空 曾毋沙乜
養鞠須豐 巢關蒯相 查后荊紅 游竺權逯
蓋益桓公 萬俟司馬 上官歐陽 夏候諸葛
聞人東方 赫連皇甫 尉遲公羊 澹台公治
宗政濮陽 淳于單于 太叔申屠 公孫仲孫
轅軒令狐 鐘離宇文 長孫幕容 鮮于閭丘
司徒司空 丌官司寇 仉督子車 顓孫端木
巫馬公西 漆雕樂正 壤駟公良 拓拔夾谷
宰父穀梁 晉楚閻法 汝鄢涂欽 段干百里
東郭南門 呼延歸海 羊舌微生 岳帥緱亢
況後有琴 梁丘左丘 東門西門 商牟佘佴
佰賞南官 墨哈譙笪 年愛陽佟 第五言福
百家姓終